From Science of Earthquakes to Safety Precautions with anxiety& Love

The earth quakes are,perhaps,the most recasting form of Natural Calamity. The recent massive Earthquake in Nepal, after a long time since when last struck Nepal,was the worst ever occurred In Nepal.it's effect was reflected in theNorthern parts ofIndia also. Until now no valid reason for Earthquake nor when it would strike where havenot been able to state correctlybdespite various scientific studies were carried out by various organizations & Agencies from all over The world. This is why it has been considered as menace to humanity beyond the control of human beings. Let us ,however,make an effort to understand theEarth quake by studying various information available to u The science of Earthquake- What is an earthquake ************************************************ An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of Earth Suddenly slip Past one another.The surface where they slip is called the Fault Plane.The location below the earth surface Where the earthquake starts is called the Hypocente & the surface directly above it is the Epicenter. Sometimes an Earthquake has foreshocks.These are smaller quakes that happens in the same place as the larger earthquakes do happen.The scientists can not tell that an earthquake is a foreshocksUntil the larger earthquakes do happen. The largest main earthquake is called the Mainshock.Mai shocks always have aftershocks that follow.These are smaller earthquakes that happen at the same placecas Mainshock.Depending on the size ofvMainshocks,aftershocks can continue forvweeks,months,and years after the Mainshock! What are the reasons for the earthquakes & where do they occur? ***************************************************************** The Earth has four layers.They are called 1)the inner core,2)The outer core,3)The mantle& 4)The crust. The crust& the top of the Mantle makes a thin skin on the surface of our planet Earth. But this skin is not all in one piece.It is made up of many pieces like a Puzzle covering the Surface of Earth. Not only this but these Puzzles Pieces keep moving around slowly sliding past one another and bumping into each other.These puzzle Pieces are called Tectonic Plates and the edges of the plate are called Plate Boundaries. The Plate boundaries are made up of many Faults and most of the earth quakes in theWorld occur On these Faults. Since the edge of the Faults are rough,they get stuck while the rest of the Plates keep moving.Finally when the Plates have moved far enough ,the edges get unstick on one of the faults and then happens an Earthquake. While the Edges of the Faults are stuck together,and the rest of the block is moving, energy that would normally cause the blocks to slide past one another is being stored up.When the Force of the moving blocks finally overcomes the friction of the jagged edges of the fault and it unsticks ,all that stored up energy is released.The energy radiates outward from the fault inall directions in the form of Seismic waves like ripples on a pond.The seismic waves shake the earth as they move through itand when the waves reach the earth's surface they shakes the earth and anything on it like our houses and us. The impact of Earthquakes are measured by instruments known as Seismographs.Therecording actually done by thecabove instrument is the difference in position between Shaking part of Seismograph and the motionless part It is extremely difficult to measure the size of an earthquake as the faults are beneath the earth spreading over many kilometers.so the measure of the size of the Earthquake is based on the readings if the Seismographs.This may not be always accurately reliable.But there is no other accurate ways and means available to measure. Can scientists predictEarthquakes? ************+********************** No it can not be predicted accurately. The scientists can only say that more earthquakes might occurbobpn a fault but when & where can not be predicted by the scientists. This is how the Earthquakes are considered to be the Glorious happenings of uncertainty of the nature.this is why Earthquakes are being considered as the worst Menace to the world. There is nothing like Earthquake weather.Or it can not be said beyond doubt that certain kind of animals could sense Earth quakes in advance.These are all illusions. However,there is a general saying that Dogs can sense Earthquakes and they make untimely barkings and show symptoms of nervousness.This too ,however, not proved scientifically beyond doubt. Thus Earthquakes are the worst phenomenons of nature which has no clear scientific theories behind it What are the safety measures Precautions in regard to an Earth quake? ************************************************************************ There are various measures of safety & precautions designed by various organizations. The Emergency kit & Disaster plan management Before,During and After an Earthquake are mentioned in various instructions prescribed by various organisationscall over the world & are available on the Internet. One link for ready reference is www.thehartford.com/home.insurance/earthquake.safety/ So if this brief and comprehensive coverage of Earthquake if itbhelps anyone to have an idea formed about earthquake ,I could remain highly grateful. Sreedharan Mundanat 27th April2015